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// Insert your abstract after the colon, wrapped in brackets.
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// Example: `abstract: [This is my abstract...]`
@@ -35,6 +39,7 @@
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#outline()
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#pagebreak()
@@ -113,22 +118,21 @@ In a word, two models $cal(P)_1$ and $cal(P)_2$ as two distribution calsses are
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The potential outcome model is an example of latent structure model. The observed random variable is determined by some unobservable/latent variable is in this calss.
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#definition("The Latent structure model")
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The observed random variable $X$ is determined by a high dimensional latent variable $Z$ by a map $X = f(Z)$.
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#definition("The Latent structure model")[
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The observed random variable $X$ is determined by a high dimensional latent variable $Z$ by a map $X = f(Z)$.]
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#example("Fisher sharp null hypothesis in randomized experiment of causal inference")
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- The observed random variable is $(A, Y)$ determined by three independent latent variable $(A, Y(0), Y(1)), A in {0,1}, Y = A Y(1) + (1-A) Y(0)$, consider two submodels:
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#example("Fisher sharp null hypothesis in randomized experiment of causal inference")[
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The observed random variable is $(A, Y)$ determined by three latent variable $(A, Y(0), Y(1)), A in {0,1}, Y = A Y(1) + (1-A) Y(0)$, consider two submodels:
On the observed data level, we can not distinguish these two models since they both have the same conditional distribution of $Y|A$, therefore they are undistinguishable in modeling stage.
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On the observed data level, we can not distinguish these two models since they both have the same conditional distribution of $Y|A$, therefore they are undistinguishable in modeling stage.
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This example is the reason why the sharp null hypothesis can not be tested in randomized experiment, and also the joint distribution of $(Y(0),Y(1))$ is not identifiable.
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This example is the reason why the sharp null hypothesis can not be tested in randomized experiment, and also the joint distribution of $(Y(0),Y(1))$ is not identifiable. ]
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@wu2025promises talk about the identification of joint distribution of potential outcomes under some assumptions.
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@@ -138,6 +142,6 @@ This example is the reason why the sharp null hypothesis can not be tested in r
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