A 3d renderer made in python, using pygame

a project started in August 2022, by Alan Ji

Huge thanks to David for his support and help throughout

Works with counter-clockwise, triangulated meshes

Dependancies:

• pygame
• numpy
• numba
  • scipy (dependancy of numba)

Project Structure:

                   [main.py]
    ___________________|
[EventChecker]    [Renderer]
                   |     |
               [Camera][Meshes]

main.py contains:
 - An *EventChecker* instance (to get keypresses)
 - A *Renderer3d* instance to render meshes to screen
    - Which must have an instance of a *Camera*
    - Also has instances of *Meshes* to render

Sources:

- original inspiration 
  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ih20l3pJoeU 
    - NOTE: only the first video of the series was followed
      along with the code from 
  https://github.com/OneLoneCoder/Javidx9/blob/master/ConsoleGameEngine/BiggerProjects/Engine3D/OneLoneCoder_olcEngine3D_Part1.cpp (adapted from c++ to python)

- triangle drawing algorithm and texture mapping:
  https://github.com/FinFetChannel/SimplePython3DEngine 
    - mostly copied

- backface culling using surface normal calculations:
  https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/305642/how-to-find-surface-normal-of-a-triangle 
  http://www.dgp.toronto.edu/~karan/courses/csc418/fall_2002/notes/cull.html 

- triangle clipping: 
  https://www.quora.com/Given-a-point-and-a-plane-how-would-you-determine-which-side-of-the-plane-the-point-lies
  https://gabrielgambetta.com/computer-graphics-from-scratch/11-clipping.html

- obj files taken from https://people.sc.fsu.edu/~jburkardt/data/obj/obj.html 
  - other useful info about .obj files
      - https://people.computing.clemson.edu/~dhouse/courses/405/docs/brief-obj-file-format.html 
      - https://www.loc.gov/preservation/digital/formats/fdd/fdd000508.shtml 
      - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wavefront_.obj_file#Vertex_texture_coordinate_indices
      - https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~mbz/personal/graphics/obj.html