My C Compiler

Features

• Partial C99 Support: Implements a significant portion of the C99 standard. Floating-point types are not supported. There are no plans to support features deprecated in C23 or later. The currently parsable EBNF can be found in grammar/my_parser.ebnf.
• x86-64 Assembly Generation: Generates assembly code for the x86-64 architecture.
• Preprocessor: Supports macros, conditional compilation (#if, #ifdef, etc.), and file inclusion (#include).
• Intermediate Representation (IR): Uses a custom three-address code-like intermediate representation. The IR can be dumped for debugging purposes. An interpreter for the IR is also under development.
• Testing Framework: You can run the tests in test.sh by executing make test.

Requirements

Verified to work on Ubuntu 24.04 LTS and Manjaro 25.0.6.

gcc and make are required. cargo is required to run test.rs.

Building

Run the following command on the command line to build:

make

An executable file named main will be created.

Usage

./main -i <input_file.c> -o <output_file.s>

Options

• -E: Executes only the preprocessor and outputs the result to standard output.
• -g: Defines GCC-compatible predefined macros.
• -o <file>: Specifies the output file name.
• -i <file>: Specifies the input file name.
• -I <string>: Uses the given string as input.
• --emit-ir: Outputs the Intermediate Representation (IR) instead of assembly code.

Testing

To run the tests:

make test

Self-Hosting

To build the compiler with itself:

make self1

This will create a new executable file named main2.

If you want to run tests with the self-hosted compiler, you can do so with the following command:

make self1-test

Intermediate Representation

This compiler uses its own IR in the compilation process.

For details on the IR, see the IR documentation.

Compilation Flow

graph TD
    subgraph "Compiler Execution Flow"
        A["main function"] -- "Parse command-line arguments" --> B(preprocess)
        B -- "Token stream" --> C(parser)
        C -- "AST (Abstract Syntax Tree)" --> D(analyzer)
        D -- "Analyzed AST" --> E(gen_ir)
        E -- "IR" --> F(generator)
        F -- "x86-64 asm" --> G["Output assembly file"]

        B -.-> H["Output preprocessed file (-E)"]
        E -.-> I["Output IR file (--emit-ir)"]
    end

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