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13 changes: 13 additions & 0 deletions operator-v3/alternative-key-management/api-mode.mdx
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -143,3 +143,16 @@ POST /validators
:::custom-tips[Relayer Example]
See demo project [relayer-example ↗](https://github.com/stakewise/relayer-example/tree/f6abdb3b8a307c8456bf37a00ea7691dc5155d79) - a Python-based FastAPI application that demonstrates how to implement a relayer service for Ethereum staking operations.
:::

### DVT Relayer

When using a DVT setup, a specialized DVT relayer is required. Unlike a regular relayer,
you do not need to set up a dedicated relayer instance. Instead, you can use the public DVT relayer
available at: https://mainnet-dvt-relayer.stakewise.io/.

The Operator environment configuration is similar to that of a regular relayer. However, you must specify the relayer type as follows:

```bash title=".env"
RELAYER_TYPE=DVT
# RELAYER_ENDPOINT env is not required
```
31 changes: 31 additions & 0 deletions operator-v3/alternative-key-management/dvt/index.mdx
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Expand Up @@ -65,3 +65,34 @@ StakeWise Vaults support both [Obol ↗](https://obol.org) and [SSV ↗](https:/
<div style={{textAlign: 'center', fontSize: '0.9em', color: 'var(--grey)', marginTop: '10px'}}>
Each node holds one encrypted key share.
</div>


## DVT setup components

### DVT cluster of distributed validators

Performs validator duties

### Stakewise Operator
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Copilot AI Jan 16, 2026

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Corrected capitalization of 'Stakewise' to 'StakeWise' for brand consistency.

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### Stakewise Operator
### StakeWise Operator

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Registers validators in vault contract. Operator doesn’t have access to validator keystores.

### DVT Relayer

Used to collect exit signatures of the validators for passing them to oracles.

### DVT sidecars

Sidecars provide exit signature shares to DVT Relayer. Each distributed validator node should run DVT sidecar instance. Each sidecar should have access to validator key shares on related DVT node.

## Validator registration procedure

Operator reads validators from the deposit data file.

On validator registration Operator sends request to the relayer:

1. Operator sends a list of public keys from the deposit data to the relayer, then polls the relayers for the exit signature(s)
2. Relayer creates VoluntaryExit(s) out of public keys and stores to DB. VoluntaryExits can be received through relayer API.
3. DVT sidecars poll VoluntaryExits they can sign from the relayer, create exit signatures for them and post to the relayer.
4. Relayer i) receives exit signature shares from the sidecars, ii) Restores exit signature from sidecar shares, verifies exit signature, creates shares for oracles, encrypts with oracle public keys and stores to DB. The encrypted shares for oracles are available through relayer API.
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This step description is overly long and difficult to parse. Consider breaking it into sub-steps (4a, 4b, 4c) to improve readability: receiving shares, restoring and verifying signatures, and encrypting for oracles.

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4. Relayer i) receives exit signature shares from the sidecars, ii) Restores exit signature from sidecar shares, verifies exit signature, creates shares for oracles, encrypts with oracle public keys and stores to DB. The encrypted shares for oracles are available through relayer API.
4. Relayer processes exit signatures:
a. Receives exit signature shares from the sidecars.
b. Restores exit signatures from sidecar shares and verifies the restored signatures.
c. Creates shares for oracles, encrypts them with oracle public keys, and stores them to the DB. The encrypted shares for oracles are available through the relayer API.

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5. Operator fetches encrypted signatures from relayer and registers the validator.